Logistic Terms - L

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• L/C - > Letter of Credit
• Label - Slip of e.g. paper or metal attached to an object to indicate the nature, ownership, destination, contents and/or other particulars of the object. > Bar Coding > Dangerous Goods Declaration > Overpack > Shipping Label
• Laden Vessel - > Loaden Vessel
• Land Bridge - Movement of goods from one port to another partially by land and partially by water, as a substitute for all-water transport.
• Lash - To hold goods in position by the use of e.g. wires, ropes, chains and straps. > Lighter Aboard Ship
• Lashing Point - Point on a means of transport to which wires, chains, ropes or straps, which are used to hold goods in position, are attached.
• Last Carrier - Participating airline over which air routes the last section of carriage under the Air Waybill is undertaken or performed.
• Last in/First out - Abbreviation: LIFO. Method of which the assumption is that the most recently received (last in) is the first to be used or sold (first out).
• Latitude - Angular distance of a position on its meridian north or south from the equator, measured in degrees.
• Lay Days - Number of days allowed in a charter party for the loading and discharging of cargo. Lay days may be indicated in different ways, e.g. consecutive days, working days, weather working days.
• Lay up a Vessel - Temporary cessation of trading of a vessel by the shipowner.
• Layout Key - > United Nations Layout Key
• LCL - > Less than Container Load
• Lead Time - 1. The amount of time between the request of a service and the actual provision of this service. 2. A span of time required to perform an activity. 3. In a logistics context, the time between the initiation of a process and its completion.
• Lease - Contract by which one party gives to another party the use of property or equipment, e.g. containers, for a specified time against fixed payments. > Leasing Company
• Leasing Company - Company from which property or equipment is taken on lease.
• Leasing Contract - Contract for the leasing of property or equipment.
• Less than Container Load - Abbreviation: LCL. 1. A general reference for identifying cargo in any quantity intended for carriage in a container, where the carrier is responsible for packing and/or unpacking the container. 2. For operational purposes a LCL (less than full container load) container is considered a container in which multiple consignments or parts thereof are shipped.
• Less than Truck Load - Abbreviation: LTL. Term used if the quantity or volume of one or more consignment(s) does not fill a standard truck.
• Lessee - Party to whom the possession of specified property has been conveyed for a period of time in return for rental payments.
• Lessor - Party who conveys specified property to another for a period of time in return for the receipt of rent.
• Letter of Credit - Abbreviation: L/C. Method of payment between buyer and seller. The buyer opens a Letter of Credit in favor of the seller at their local bank by depositing the amount of the purchase price and dictating certain documents which the seller must present in order to obtain a payment. The Letter of Credit will be sent to a bank in the vicinity of the seller and upon presentation of the documents called for, the local bank will release payment. > Confirmed Letter of Credit > Deferred Payment Credit > Discrepancy Letter of Credit > Documentary Credit > Irrevocable Letter of Credit > Red Clause Letter of Credit > Revocable Letter of Credit > Transferable Letter of Credit > Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits
• Letter of Credit, Payment by Sight Draft - Document, issued by a bank per instructions by a buyer of goods, authorizing the seller to draw a specified sum of money under specified terms, usually the receipt by the bank of certain documents, within a given time.
• Letter of Indemnity - Written confirmation of holding a specified party harmless. E.g.: When a bank refuses to accept a foul Bill of Lading, the shipper may obtain a clean Bill of Lading. To acquire this, the shipper signs a letter of indemnity, which is an inducement to obtain the clean Bill of Lading through the dock or mate's receipt, given on delivery of the goods to dock or ship, showing that the shipment was damaged or in bad condition. This acts as a form of guarantee whereby the shipper accords a claim settlement against a steamship by a Bill of Lading holder resulting from a clean bill being issued.
• Letter of Instruction - Written directions to be followed. > Shipping Instructions
• Liability - Legal responsibility for the consequences of certain acts or omissions.
• Licensing - Business arrangement in which the manufacturer of a product (with proprietary rights over certain technology or trademarks) grants permission to some other group or individual to manufacture that product (or make use of that proprietary material) in return for specified royalties or other payment.
• Lien - Legal claim on assets (personal or commercial) to pay a debt or duty.
• Life Cycle Cost - Encompasses all costs associated with the product's life cycle. These include all costs involved in acquisition (research & development, design, production & construction and phase-in), operation, support and disposal of the product.
• LIFO - > Last in/First out > Liner in Free out
• Lift-on/Lift-off Vessel - Abbreviation: LOLO. Vessel of which the loading and discharging operations are carried out by cranes and derricks.
• Lighter - Open or covered barge towed by a tugboat and used mainly in harbors and inland waterways.
• Lighter Aboard Ship - Abbreviation: LASH Vessel which carries barges.
• Lighterage - Carriage of goods within a port area by a barge, e.g. from a vessel to a quay.
• Lightweight - Weight of an empty vessel including equipment and outfit, spare parts required by the regulatory bodies, machinery in working condition and liquids in the systems, but excluding liquids in the storage tanks, stores and crew.
• Line Item - > Order Line
• Line Number - > Flight Number
• Liner Conference - Group of two or more shipping lines, which provides international liner services for the carriage of cargo on a particular trade route and which has an agreement or arrangement to operate under uniform or common freight rates and any other agreed conditions (e.g. FEFC = Far Eastern Freight Conference).
• Liner in Free out - Abbreviation: LIFO. Transport condition denoting that the freight rate is inclusive of the sea carriage and the cost of loading, the latter as per the custom of the port. It excludes the cost of discharging.
• Liner Service - Connection through vessels between ports within a trade.
• Liner Shipping Company - Company transporting cargo in a regular service by ocean vessels.
• Liner Terms - Condition of carriage denoting that costs for loading and unloading are borne by the carrier subject to the custom of the port concerned. > Free in > Free in Liner out > Free in and out > Liner in Free out
• Live Stock - Cargo consisting of live animals, such as horses, cows, sheep and chickens.
• Lloyd's Register of Shipping - British classification society. > Classification Society
• Load - Quantity or nature of what is being carried. This term normally refers to transport by truck.
• Load Factor Management - Process of maximizing the utilization of the (slot) capacity of vessels and/or other means of transport. > Yield Management
• Load Master - Person supervising process of loading and unloading.
• Loaden Vessel - Vessel where cargo has been put on board. > Laden Vessel
• Loading - Physical process of bringing cargo into a means of transport.
• Loading Platform - Flat surface to facilitate loading usually alongside a warehouse.
• Loadmaster - Load calculator designed for a vessel approved by a classification bureau for the calculation of the vessel's stability.
• Loan Collection - Method of financing by which an exporter borrows on the basis of drafts turned over to a bank for collection.
• Loan Receipt - Document signed by the assured where they acknowledge receipt of money advanced by the insurance company as an interest-free loan (instead of payment of a loss) repayable to the insurance company only if the loss is recovered from a third party and then only to the extent of the recovery.
• Local Charge - > On-Line Charge
• Local Rate - > On-Line Rate
• Locating Pin - > Cones
• Lock - For marine purposes: A space, enclosed at the sides by walls and at each end by gates, by which a vessel can be floated up or down to a different level.
• Locker - Compartment, in a shed or on board of a vessel, used as a safekeeping place to stow valuable goods, and which can be secured by means of a lock.
• Log Book - Daily report of all events and other relevant particulars of a vessel and attested by the proper authorities as a true record.
• Logistics Chain - All successive links involved in the logistic process.
• LOLO - > Lift-on/Lift-off Vessel
• Long Haul - Transportation of cargo by truck over long distances.
• Longitude - Angular distance of a position on the equator east or west of the standard Greenwich meridian, up to 180 degrees east or west.
• Lorry - Motor truck used for transport of goods. Note: Motor truck is an American term. British synonym for motor truck is heavy goods vehicle. This British term means any vehicle exceeding 7.5 metric tons maximum laden weight.
• Loss of Market - Situation in which, for one reason or another, sound cargo is no longer wanted by the consignee when it arrives. This is a "business loss" not recoverable under a Marine Cargo Policy; e.g., Christmas trees arriving in January undamaged. > All Risk
• LTGE - Lighterage.
• LTL - > Less than Truck Load
• LTR - Lighter.
• Luffing Crane - Crane with which the load can be moved to or from the vessel horizontally.
• Luggage - Travelers' baggage, suitcases, boxes, etc., normally accompanied by a passenger. > Unaccompanied Baggage
• Lump-Sum - Agreed sum of money, which is paid in full settlement at one time. This term is often used in connection with charter parties.
• Lump-Sum Charter - Voyage charter whereby the shipowner agrees to place the whole or a part of the vessel's capacity at the charterer's disposal for which a lump-sum freight is paid.